Chemical resistance is evaluated using standardized test methods that measure how a material responds to chemical exposure — including changes in weight, strength, surface appearance, and dimensional stability. These tests simulate real-world conditions to assess long-term durability.
Common Testing Methods:
- Immersion Testing: Materials are submerged in specific chemicals for set durations; changes in mass, hardness, tensile strength, or visual degradation are recorded.
- Vapor or Splash Exposure: Samples are exposed to chemical vapors or splashes in controlled chambers to observe surface and structural effects.
- Dynamic or Flow-Through Testing: Used for components exposed to circulating fluids, measuring chemical resistance under realistic flow and pressure conditions.
- Standardized Protocols: Tests like ASTM D543 (plastics), ASTM G31 (metal immersion), and ISO 1817 (elastomers) define test duration, chemical type, and evaluation metrics.
These methods help engineers determine material compatibility, validate protective coatings, and ensure safe performance in industries like chemical processing, medical devices, and semiconductors.